Otimização de um metamaterial acústico labiríntico para absorção sonora na faixa de frequências de 100–300 Hz

Autores

  • Gildean Nascimento Almeida Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica (LVA), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Florianópolis, SC
  • Erasmo Felipe Vergara Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica (LVA), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Florianópolis, SC
  • Leandro Rodrigues Barbosa Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica (LVA), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Florianópolis, SC https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-2928
  • Linconl Cézar Bastos Farias Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Laboratório de Vibrações e Acústica (LVA), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Florianópolis, SC

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55753/aev.v35e52.36

Palavras-chave:

absorção sonora, metamaterial acústico, otimização paramétrica

Resumo

O controle da energia sonora  em ambientes fechados ao longo de todo espectro de frequência é um fator importantíssimo, especialmente quando o conforto acústico é uma necessidade do projeto arquitetônico do ambiente. Este controle é realizado pelo tratamento acústico, sendo o coeficiente de absorção sonora um parâmetro físico do material acústico utilizado. Todavia, os materiais acústicos absorvedores convencionais (e.g. espumas e fibras) apresentam limitações geométricas e operacionais no controle da energia sonora relativa a região das baixas frequências (100–600 Hz). Recentemente este controle ganhou notabilidade com o advento dos metamateriais acústicos (MMA). Neste artigo apresentamos  uma avaliação teórica, numérica e experimental de um instituído metamaterial absorvedor de baixas frequências. O metamaterial acústico fundamenta-se  na teoria dos painéis  micro perfurados (MPP) e no conceito de espaços enrolados, os quais se assemelham a um labirinto. Os efeitos de atrito viscoso e difusão térmica, importantes na descrição analítica do modelo são corroborados por meio  de uma  análise numérica utilizando o método dos elementos finitos  (MEF). O  coeficiente de absorção sonora do metamaterial  é  maximizado por um método heurístico para a região de frequência entre (100–300 Hz). Uma amostra do metamaterial foi fabricada pela tecnologia de impressão 3D e avaliada em um aparato de tubo de impedância. Os resultados obtidos revelam   uma absorção sonora  de 0,97%  em  216 Hz com uma largura de banda relativa  de  49,0%.  É demonstrado que o metamaterial acústico  apresenta uma escala de sub comprimento de onda, uma vez que sua espessura total é de 0,026λ.

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Capa - Otimização de um metamaterial acústico labiríntico para absorção sonora na faixa de frequências de 100–300 Hz (Acústica e Vibrações 52)

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31/jul/2020

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ALMEIDA, G. N.; VERGARA, E. F.; BARBOSA, . L. R.; FARIAS, L. C. B. Otimização de um metamaterial acústico labiríntico para absorção sonora na faixa de frequências de 100–300 Hz. Acústica e Vibrações, [S. l.], v. 35, n. 52, p. 7–22, 2020. DOI: 10.55753/aev.v35e52.36. Disponível em: https://revista.acustica.org.br/acustica/article/view/aev52_metamaterial. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2024.